A handbook to "Child" to recognize, treat and prevent diseases caused by allergy. The document, drawn up by experts Hospital Pediatrico Bambino Gesù e di Federasma, è stato presentato il 19 febbraio 2010 in occasione della quinta edizione della Giornata del Bambino Allergico organizzata in collaborazione con ALAMA (Associazione Laziale Asma e Malattie Allergiche), Federasma Onlus (Federazione Italiana delle Associazioni di Sostegno dei Malati Asmatici e Allergici), e SIAIP (Società Italiana Allergologia e Immunologia Pediatrica). Nel corso del convegno che si è tenuto in Aula Salviati (Roma – piazza Sant’Onofrio, 4), medici e specialisti hanno analizzato i tanti aspetti - non solo strettamente clinici, ma anche ambientali e assistenziali - di quella che sta assumendo i contorni di una vera e propria malattia sociale, proponendo ai genitori una guida simple, yet essential, to address the problem with the right tools: the "ten commandments for the care of the child" as well as being a focal point of small but important tips for adults, can also be a first approach for the child to acquire conduct through which to manage allergic disorders. The conference, which tackled the serious increase in Italy of allergic diseases among children and adolescents, was then at depth on the latest diagnostic protocols, treatment and prevention for diseases of the skin, respiratory and food allergies. An important occasion for the child's problems are allergic in their entirety, including family pediatricians, pediatric allergists, families of children with allergies and public administrators with the goal is to feed the wider debate on social and welfare aspects of allergic children and families would like to see made in the school and in the recreation, both identify the most appropriate preventive actions and behaviors are safer for the child's life and the serenity of the families as well as optimizing the tools for diagnosis and therapy of allergic diseases. Decalogue for the allergic child allergy is an overreaction to otherwise harmless substances such as pollen, animal dander and foods. Why the immune system reacts so crash has not yet been clarified completely, the reaction that develops soon after contact with these substances is caused by antibodies called immunoglobulin E (IgE). The allergy is familiar: you inherit the ability to produce an excessive amount of IgE antibodies that react with those substances, releasing body products such as histamine that cause inflammation in different parts of the body. If the closest relatives are allergic to (especially if they are parents) the child has a high risk of suffering from allergies in childhood until the age of development, the immediate appearance of symptoms on the skin, respiratory tract (colds and asthma ), in the eyes (Conjunctivitis), in the digestive tract (vomiting, diarrhea) or, increasingly, all together (anaphylactic ration), in contact with the same substance should raise the suspicion of an allergic cause. The character is allergic for life but the body of the allergic child is able to build forms of defense that allow it to become tolerant of the substance to which you are allergic (especially for major foods such as milk and eggs) also during the first years of life, the periodic inspection of the specialist, on the advice of a pediatrician, will establish the improvements achieved. Learn more about: www.ospedalebambinogesu.it and www.federasma.org .
I If you suspect that your child may suffer from disorders in contact with an allergen (eg. Milk, egg, house dust mites, pollen, etc.) should be consulted the pediatrician who, if the clinical history and visit confirms the suspicion, recommend a visit to the pediatric allergy specialist.
II for the diagnosis of allergy skin tests are performed (prick test) or the dosage of specific IgE in the blood for the substance that is suspected allergy, and if the respiratory disorder is to be performed respiratory function tests (spirometry) to recognize bronchial asthma. Alternative surveys must be absolutely avoided (so-called "evidence of intolerance") because it lacks any scientific validity, and therefore useless.
Al III allergic child must avoid contact with the strict environmental tobacco smoke. Passive smoking during pregnancy, lactation and indoor encourages the development of allergy in children at risk; active smoking in adolescents also helps asthma: it must be discouraged with adequate information. Quite apart by allergy, every child has the right to live in smoke-free environments.
IV The child with allergies to foods or medications must be assured never to the food or drug in question. It is his life. V
The child allergic to substances present in indoor environments (Such as dust mites - dermatofagoidi, cat hair, etc.) must be ensured that these environments, especially the bedroom, are well ventilated and clear of furnishings (curtains, carpets, carpet) difficult to clean that favor the accumulation of dust, soil favorable to the reproduction of the mites and storage of animal hair. This applies to both housing, for example, in kindergarten.
VI for the child allergic to pollen should be consulted pollen calendar showing the times of the year "at risk". In these periods we will implement appropriate preventive behavior (use of masks, dark glasses, etc.) and pharmacological allowing the child to live in the open without running into annoying problems with your eyes, nose and bronchi.
VII The child who has already suffered from very severe reactions to touch food or drug allergy or as a result of insect stings should be guaranteed the free supply of life-saving medicine to prevent anaphylactic shock, which must be available and administered immediately as needed, should be regularly trained (both the child and his family) using the tool and subsequent measures of early intervention.
VIII The child with severe skin disease caused by allergy to be guaranteed the free supply of local and systemic therapeutic aids necessary for the monitoring of the disease.
IX The child has the right to attend all regular recreational activities, games and sports appropriate to their age, under the supervision of trained personnel in particular. X
In the community life of the child, especially at school, must be guaranteed: suitable for indoor and outdoor, strict adherence to the diet of children with documented allergy to a food, the use of specific drugs, prescribed and certificates needed for daily care or in case of emergency, administered by trained personnel.
The allergic child in Italy in our country since 1950 has increased from 10% of the population affected by an allergic reaction to an alarming 30%, which includes children and adolescents of school age. This boom of allergies, consider that today a real social ill, a characteristic of all developed countries like Italy, where 10% of children under the age of 14 suffers from bronchial asthma (in '80% of cases caused by allergies), 18-20% suffer from allergic rhinitis, while 10% may present atopic dermatitis. Despite the many problems associated with such diseases, children with allergies and / or asthma have a right to live the school, sports and recreation with the serenity and carefree typical of their age. And if it's true - read the data of the survey conducted in schools by the Ministry of Education - That only 42.65% of Italian schools is holding a certificate attesting to sanitary conditions necessary to accommodate students without exposing them to risks to their health, then it becomes essential to sensitize institutions, business operators and parents the need to make these environments safe places where all children to engage in any activity related to learning, recreation and sport.
Marco MagheriResponsabile Communications and Relations esterneOspedale Gesù Children - IRCCSTel. 2612Mobile 06-6859.2390-338 8440460E-mail: ufficiostampa@opbg.netwww.ospedalebambinogesu.it
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